How do directional antennas radiate RF energy?

Directional antennas are designed to focus RF energy in specific directions, which allows them to achieve greater range and improved signal quality in those targeted areas. This concentration of energy in a particular direction enhances the antenna's performance compared to omnidirectional antennas, which radiate energy evenly in all directions.

Directional antennas achieve this by using design elements like reflectors and directors that manipulate the antenna’s radiation pattern, focusing the radiated energy where it is most needed. This focused approach is crucial in applications where long-distance communication or targeted signal transmission is necessary, such as in point-to-point communications, satellite communications, and radio astronomy. The ability to direct the RF energy enhances sensitivity and reduces interference from unwanted signals coming from other directions.