What are IFF systems primarily designed to protect against?

IFF systems, or Identification Friend or Foe systems, are specifically designed to distinguish between friendly and hostile entities, particularly in a military context. The primary aim of these systems is to prevent accidental friendly fire incidents, where forces might inadvertently engage their own units or allies due to misidentification.

IFF technology works by using transponders that respond differently based on whether the signal comes from an ally or an enemy. This capability is critical in complex combat scenarios where the risk of misidentifying targets can lead to catastrophic consequences. By ensuring that only verified friendly units are engaged, IFF systems play a crucial role in enhancing operational safety and mission success.

In contrast, the other options relate to different domains of risk management. Cyber attacks involve protecting information systems against unauthorized access, data interception deals with safeguarding transmitted data against eavesdropping, and supply chain disruptions focus on ensuring the continuity of supply and logistics operations. While all these elements are important within their contexts, they do not align with the specific purpose of IFF systems.