What type of antenna is described as electrically a one-half wavelength vertical antenna?

The Marconi antenna is described as an electrically one-half wavelength vertical antenna because it is specifically designed to operate at frequencies where its height corresponds to half the wavelength of the radio waves it is intended to transmit or receive. This design allows for effective radiation and reception of signals, as the half-wave length helps establish a standing wave pattern that is efficient for both transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves.

The physical structure of the Marconi antenna is typically vertical, which further enhances its ability to radiate signals over long distances, particularly in the low-frequency bands. Its configuration enables it to produce efficient radiation patterns, allowing for good communication range and performance.

In contrast, a dipole antenna also consists of two segments of wire and can be considered a type of antenna that works on the principle of being resonant at a certain frequency, but it is not specifically a vertical antenna. The Yagi antenna is more complex, consisting of multiple elements and primarily used for directional communication. The log-periodic antenna has a more intricate design and is typically used over a broad frequency range but does not fit the one-half wavelength vertical description.